• Our previous studies have demonstrated that the DDR

  2021-02-09

  

  Our previous studies have demonstrated that the DDR2 discoidin domain fully contains the binding site(s) for the fibrillar collagens I and II (Leitinger, 2003, Leitinger et al., 2004). The binding site for collagen I was mapped to three spatially adjacent surface loops within the DDR2 discoidin doma

• Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways is one of

  2021-02-09

  

  Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways is one of the mechanisms that prevent a lasting effect of targeted therapies, as has been demonstrated by the growing number of alternative pathways that confer resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies [3]. We show here that CSF-1R can, at least partiall

• The availabilities of serotonin and dopamine are modulated b

  2021-02-09

  

  The availabilities of serotonin and dopamine are modulated by the serotonin transporter and catechol-O-methyltransferase enzyme. The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is a key protein that reuptakes serotonin from the synaptic cleft back into synaptic boutons (Coleman et al., 2016; Talvenheimo et al., 1

• There are some limitations to

  2021-02-09

  

  There are some limitations to our study. First, the small sample size, even if comparable or higher than most studies, did not offer the possibility to consider other variables, such as frequency of use or age of onset. Second, since most subjects did not report current use, we could not analyze sep

• NPC L expression is both tissue and

  2021-02-09

  

  NPC1L1 expression is both tissue- and species-specific. Consistent with its function, NPC1L1 is mainly localized to the brush border membrane of enterocytes and the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. NPC1L1, which is expressed in the liver of humans and rats but not mice, mediates cholesterol ret

• br Genomic and non genomic signaling crosstalk

  2021-02-09

  

  Genomic and non-genomic signaling crosstalk As exemplified in the previous sections, it is evident that the mechanisms of action of estrogen in the various cell targets represent a combination of complex multifactorial processes. Besides the independent genomic and non-genomic pathways described

• br Thy nephritis is one of the most

  2021-02-09

  

  Thy1.1 nephritis is one of the most commonly used models to study the course of immunoglobulin A and other mesangioproliferative nephropathies. To date, most of the studies have focused on mesangial and, to a lesser extent, endothelial cell recovery following capillary damage, whereas data concern

• Our present results support a major role

  2021-02-09

  

  Our present results support a major role of EP1 receptors in peripheral heat sensitization and a smaller contribution to central heat sensitization but no contribution to mechanical sensitization. While the contribution of peripheral EP1 receptors to heat hyperalgesia is in good agreement with the a

• The ultrafiltration approach has been used to measure

  2021-02-09

  

  The ultrafiltration approach has been used to measure equilibrium BIEs for a number of enzyme systems, including NVP DPP 728 dihydrochloride hexokinase (Lewis and Schramm, 2003a, Lewis and Schramm, 2003b), thymidine phosphorylase (Birck & Schramm, 2004), purine nucleoside phosphorylase (Murkin, Tyle

• Prote Molecular imaging that provides a non

  2021-02-09

  

  Molecular imaging that provides a non-invasive means to visualize and measure a biological process of interest at the molecular and cellular level in living subjects has emerged as a promising approach for in vivo detection of enzyme activity in recent decades [6]. In Prote to anatomical imaging, w

• The Liver X Receptor and LXRs NR H and NR

  2021-02-09

  

  The Liver X Receptor-α and -β (LXRs, NR1H3 and NR1H2, respectively) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that play a central role in controlling cholesterol homeostasis [9], [10]. In macrophages, LXRs can decrease the cellular sterol burden by inducing expression of the cholesterol efflux

• In mammals neutrophil elastase is a

  2021-02-09

  

  In mammals, neutrophil elastase is a trypsin-like serine protease stored in the azurophilic granules of naïve neutrophils [15], [16]. The catalytic activity of neutrophil elastase relies on a His57–Asp102–Ser195 triad (chymotrypsin numbering system) that functions by transfer of electrons from the c

• br Experimental Procedure br Acknowledgment This work was su

  2021-02-09

  

  Experimental Procedure Acknowledgment This work was supported by Ministry of Education, Singapore (MoE Tier-2) grant (R-154-000-625-112) and R154-000-A72-114 (AcRF Tier 1 grant) respectively. We acknowledge the Advanced Photon Source Beamline 24-ID-C, Argonne National Laboratory, USA. D.N. is

• Accordingly we prepared three compounds and

  2021-02-09

  

  Accordingly, we prepared three compounds (, , and ) as shown in . Condensation of commercially available rgd peptide australia with glycine methyl ester gave amide . A Friedel–Crafts reaction between compound and 4-methyl valeryl chloride in the presence of aluminum chloride mainly produced unde

• br Abbreviations br Acknowledgements br Introduction Dopamin

  2021-02-09

  

  Abbreviations Acknowledgements Introduction Dopamine β-hydroxylase (DbH) is the enzyme catalysing the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine, two important neurotransmitters involved in the central nervous system [1]. This enzyme has been isolated from bovine chromaffin granules as a tetr

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