• Another mechanism underlying on the toxicity

  2021-02-09

  

  Another mechanism underlying on the toxicity of dopaminergic neurons might be related to dopamine-dependent initial oxidative stress [60]. Dopamine Papain receptor mediated by monoamine oxidase (MAO) can produce hydrogen peroxide as a by-product, and excess dopamine can undergo auto-oxidation to qui

• br Introduction Malaria remains a serious parasitic disease

  2021-02-09

  

  Introduction Malaria remains a serious parasitic disease in tropical areas due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. It is estimated that 212 million cases occurred globally in 2015, leading to 429, 000 deaths, most of which were in children aged under 5 years in Africa [1,2]. The protozoans

• It has been reported that vernolic acid accumulation in

  2021-02-09

  

  It has been reported that vernolic Lomerizine HCl synthesis accumulation in transgenic Arabidopsis seeds expressing a Δ12-epoxygenase often resulted in failure of germination and impaired growth and development (Singh et al., 2001). Similar phenomena were also reported for transgenic Arabidopsis se

• Our previous studies have demonstrated that the DDR

  2021-02-09

  

  Our previous studies have demonstrated that the DDR2 discoidin domain fully contains the binding site(s) for the fibrillar collagens I and II (Leitinger, 2003, Leitinger et al., 2004). The binding site for collagen I was mapped to three spatially adjacent surface loops within the DDR2 discoidin doma

• Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways is one of

  2021-02-09

  

  Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways is one of the mechanisms that prevent a lasting effect of targeted therapies, as has been demonstrated by the growing number of alternative pathways that confer resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies [3]. We show here that CSF-1R can, at least partiall

• The availabilities of serotonin and dopamine are modulated b

  2021-02-09

  

  The availabilities of serotonin and dopamine are modulated by the serotonin transporter and catechol-O-methyltransferase enzyme. The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is a key protein that reuptakes serotonin from the synaptic cleft back into synaptic boutons (Coleman et al., 2016; Talvenheimo et al., 1

• There are some limitations to

  2021-02-09

  

  There are some limitations to our study. First, the small sample size, even if comparable or higher than most studies, did not offer the possibility to consider other variables, such as frequency of use or age of onset. Second, since most subjects did not report current use, we could not analyze sep

• NPC L expression is both tissue and

  2021-02-09

  

  NPC1L1 expression is both tissue- and species-specific. Consistent with its function, NPC1L1 is mainly localized to the brush border membrane of enterocytes and the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. NPC1L1, which is expressed in the liver of humans and rats but not mice, mediates cholesterol ret

• br Genomic and non genomic signaling crosstalk

  2021-02-09

  

  Genomic and non-genomic signaling crosstalk As exemplified in the previous sections, it is evident that the mechanisms of action of estrogen in the various cell targets represent a combination of complex multifactorial processes. Besides the independent genomic and non-genomic pathways described

• br Thy nephritis is one of the most

  2021-02-09

  

  Thy1.1 nephritis is one of the most commonly used models to study the course of immunoglobulin A and other mesangioproliferative nephropathies. To date, most of the studies have focused on mesangial and, to a lesser extent, endothelial cell recovery following capillary damage, whereas data concern

• Our present results support a major role

  2021-02-09

  

  Our present results support a major role of EP1 receptors in peripheral heat sensitization and a smaller contribution to central heat sensitization but no contribution to mechanical sensitization. While the contribution of peripheral EP1 receptors to heat hyperalgesia is in good agreement with the a

• The ultrafiltration approach has been used to measure

  2021-02-09

  

  The ultrafiltration approach has been used to measure equilibrium BIEs for a number of enzyme systems, including NVP DPP 728 dihydrochloride hexokinase (Lewis and Schramm, 2003a, Lewis and Schramm, 2003b), thymidine phosphorylase (Birck & Schramm, 2004), purine nucleoside phosphorylase (Murkin, Tyle

• Prote Molecular imaging that provides a non

  2021-02-09

  

  Molecular imaging that provides a non-invasive means to visualize and measure a biological process of interest at the molecular and cellular level in living subjects has emerged as a promising approach for in vivo detection of enzyme activity in recent decades [6]. In Prote to anatomical imaging, w

• The Liver X Receptor and LXRs NR H and NR

  2021-02-09

  

  The Liver X Receptor-α and -β (LXRs, NR1H3 and NR1H2, respectively) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that play a central role in controlling cholesterol homeostasis [9], [10]. In macrophages, LXRs can decrease the cellular sterol burden by inducing expression of the cholesterol efflux

• In mammals neutrophil elastase is a

  2021-02-09

  

  In mammals, neutrophil elastase is a trypsin-like serine protease stored in the azurophilic granules of naïve neutrophils [15], [16]. The catalytic activity of neutrophil elastase relies on a His57–Asp102–Ser195 triad (chymotrypsin numbering system) that functions by transfer of electrons from the c

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