• br Author contributions br Funding M E

  2021-05-08

  

  Author contributions Funding M.E.B. was supported by Research Fund #3096. Competing interests Introduction Lung cancer has become one of the most common death causes in both male and female malignant tumors (Jemal et al., 2011). Air pollution, smoking and estrogen level are known risk f

• Previously we have described increased expression

  2021-05-08

  

  Previously, we have described increased expression of both cytokine and chemokine mRNA (e.g. MCP-5 and fractalkine) in the left ventricle of male EP4-KO mice with dilated cardiomyopathy [2]. Takayama et al. [31] have shown that PGE2 potently inhibits cytokine/chemokine secretion (MCP-1, interleukin

• The nitrophenols b d were prepared as described in

  2021-05-08

  

  The nitrophenols 34b–d were prepared as described in Scheme 3b. Nitration of phenols 39b–d with 1equiv of sodium nitrate in the presence of hydrochloric KU-55933 gave an inseparable mixture of 34b–d and 40b–d (1:1). This synthetic problem was successfully avoided as described below. Nitration of 39b

• EBI and its ligand s EBI was found in a

  2021-05-08

  

  EBI2 and its ligand(s) EBI2 was found in a screen of upregulated genes in human B cells upon infection with EBV [1]. EBI2 is a G-protein (Gαi type) coupled receptor [2] but as long as 18 years after its discovery the nature of its ligand remained undisclosed. With the help of transfected cell lines

• br Concluding Remarks Recent studies have

  2021-05-08

  

  Concluding Remarks Recent studies have provided unprecedented details of APC/C structure and enzymology, which explain how the activity of this massive E3 ligase is controlled, and how ubiquitylation is achieved to temporally regulate cell division. Although one pervasive question has been why th

• Ubiquitin activating enzyme activates ubiquitin by

  2021-05-08

  

  Ubiquitin-activating enzyme activates ubiquitin by a three-step process with ATP as a cofactor (Chen et al., 2011, Haas and Rose, 1982, Haas et al., 1982). We demonstrated that ATP is required for mRFP-Ub–E1 formation under non-reducing conditions (Fig. 2A). A time course of radioactive ATP producti

• br Introduction Type Diabetes mellitus T DM is a

  2021-05-08

  

  Introduction Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder that raises blood glucose level for a prolonged time. T2DM is associated with acute complications like ketoacidosis, hyposmolar coma, chronic complications include heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcers and damage to

• br Acknowledgements br Introductio http www apexbt com media

  2021-05-08

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction TB is also widely prescribed as a stain to identify proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in agarose gel electrophoresis (Dietrich and Dietrich, 1976; Coulson-Thomas et al., 2015). In addition, as adjunct to a photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy assay, T

• br Acknowledgements We thank Dr Tai Yuan Yu

  2021-05-08

  

  Acknowledgements We thank Dr. Tai-Yuan Yu and Miss Chun-Ping Chang for helping with the drug/DNA sequence specificity study. We also thank the Chemical Synthesis Core and the Pathology Core Laboratory of IBMS for synthesizing SL-1 and for performing the pathology analysis, respectively, and the T

• To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation

  2021-05-08

  

  To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation to that via glycolysis, a bioenergetics plot was constructed (Fig. 3A). In most cells, a decrease in one bioenergetics pathway is compensated by an increase in the other. However, following NAT1 deletion, there was a decrease in both oxidat

• br Concluding remarks br Introduction Hypertrophic

  2021-05-08

  

  Concluding remarks Introduction Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a neurologic disorder characterized by diffuse or focal thickening of the intracranial or spinal dura mater, presenting with intracranial hypertension, cranial nerve palsy and spinal cord dysfunction (Kupersmith et al., 2004;

• Inopportunely normal aging brings about

  2021-05-07

  

  Inopportunely, normal aging brings about decreases in frontal D1 receptor densities and a gradual decline in postsynaptic markers of dopamine in striatal, neocortical, and limbic areas of the L-Carnitine inner salt australia (Bäckman et al., 2006, de Keyser et al., 1990, Karrer et al., 2017, Suhara

• LP a levels are lowered by combined oral hormone

  2021-05-07

  

  LP(a) levels are lowered by combined oral hormone therapy [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], whereas for most studies using transdermal HRT little or no changes have been observed [85], [86], [87]. Oral versus transdermal administration In general most markers are influenced in a similar way by oral

• FGF ERK signaling has been implicated in epithelial mesenchy

  2021-05-07

  

  FGF/ERK signaling has been implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in a wide range of tissues (Huh et al., 2015, Klein et al., 2006, Rice et al., 2004, Zhang et al., 2006, El Ramy et al., 2005, Volckaert and Langhe, 2015). During embryonic organogenesis and in adult organs, we often observ

• It is well established that

  2021-05-07

  

  It is well established that a number of intracellular signaling pathways mediate sensitization of sensory neurons (Gold and Gebhart, 2010, Richardson and Vasko, 2002). This redundancy could be advantageous since it provides diversity in initiating and maintaining hypersensitivity in response to inju

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